Beltane Traditions: From Maypoles to Mystic Fires

Beltane Traditions: From Maypoles to Mystic Fires

 The month of May begins with the ancient fire festival, Beltane. This Celtic celebration marks the transition from Spring to Summer, encapsulating the rebirth and fertility of the earth. Though this festival can be traced back thousands of years, many traditions remain unchanged today.

The Celtic Origins of Beltane

Beltane is one of four Celtic fire festivals, and the name translates to “the fires of Bel”.

The festival is dedicated to the ancient Celtic god Belenus or Bel, a sun god and a healer.

In central and northern Europe, the festival is known as May Day, but many of the traditions and significations are the same. Some pagans celebrate Beltane on or around May 1st, while others look for the blooms of the May tree, or Hawthorn,  as their sign that Beltane has arrived. For many, the celebrations can last up to a week. 

The mythology surrounding Beltane is the marriage of the May Queen and the Green Man, signifying the start of the fertile season. Most cultures have some version of this story: a God and Goddess are joined together in marriage to welcome the warm growing season. Thus, fertility, sex, and sensuality are core themes of the festival, and matchmaking and marriages were common activities during Beltane. 

Fire is the most important element of Beltane. It represents passion and fertility and also serves as a means of purification. Farmers would have their livestock run between two bonfires to cleanse the livestock and ensure fertility. The same was done for individuals as well as couples, who would jump over the fires to receive the same benefits.  Another well-known Beltane ritual is dancing around a maypole or may tree with ribbons attached at the center. Communities would come together to perform these rituals alongside lavish feasts with plenty of music and dancing. At the end of the night, families would take home a flame from the Beltane bonfire and light their hearths at home.

Beltane in Modern Practice

Beltane continues to be a part of pagan traditions across the world. Beltane is one of the eight Wiccan sabbats and special rituals are performed at this time of year. Cities throughout Europe still hold public festivals for Beltane or May Day, one of the largest festivals being in Edinburgh, Scotland. Many of the ancient rituals are still performed in modern celebrations. 

Fire remains the central theme of this festival, so be sure to include this element in your rituals. Bonfires are best, but you can also light a hearth fire or use candles in your practice. Many choose to spend this day with a lover or connecting with their own sexuality. You can smoke cleanse yourself and your home as they did with the Beltane bonfires in ancient days. You may choose to spend the day in your garden, preparing for the hot and fertile summer months. Making a flower crown out of foraged flowers is another Beltane activity, and can be done as a solo practitioner or as part of a group ritual. 

Beltane is a celebration of the earth's life force, so naturally, we want to indulge and enjoy ourselves. Wear your best clothes, listen to your favorite music, and eat your favorite foods. Honor the life force inside and around you. Some foods to include in your feasts and offerings would be honey, almonds, and figs. Herbs to use in your spellcraft would include mugwort, daisy, and woodruff. In addition, the acorn is a significant symbol for Beltane and a good ingredient for any witchcraft practiced around this time. 

However you choose to celebrate Beltane, you can find all the supplies you need in our store. If you’re not sure where to begin, try our Beltane Sabbat Box, which includes a seasonal tea, incense, and other tools for your Beltane rituals. You can visit us online or in our brick-and-mortar store in Asheville.

Informative Witchcraft Blogs

  • Hekate’s Torch: Honouring the Goddess of Witchcraft

    Hekate’s Torch: Honouring the Goddess of Witchcraft

    As the long nights of winter approach, the torch-bearing goddess Hekate appears to us. She is the keeper of the crossroads, the guardian of thresholds, and the guide through shadowed places. November 16th marks a night of venerating this ancient goddess of death, magic, and liminal spaces—a time to honor her as the green life of summer fades and the earth sinks into dormancy. In this darkening season, we call upon Hekate to light the path ahead and to shield us as we move through the frozen stillness of winter.

    Hekate the Lightbringer

    Hekate is often depicted holding a pair of blazing torches, their flames illuminating what lies hidden in the darkness. In Greek mythology, she is the only deity who retained her power when Zeus divided the heavens, earth, and sea—a testament to her strength and autonomy. Her torches appear throughout myth: most famously, she uses them to guide Demeter through the night as the grieving mother searches for Persephone. In this way, Hekate becomes a literal and spiritual light-bringer—one who leads the lost and the sorrowful toward understanding and transformation.

    Over time, Hekate also became linked to the moon, her triple form representing the lunar phases: maiden, mother, and crone. Each face of Hekate corresponds to a stage of the moon’s cycle and to a stage of life itself—birth, maturity, and death, perpetually turning. Her connection to the moon and torches alike reminds us that even in the darkest night, illumination can be found.

    Mullein Torches

    Just as Hekate’s torches pierce the night, so too can the humble Mullein plant be transformed into a source of flame and protection. Mullein is a soft, velvety herb long associated with healing, purification, and banishing negativity. Folk names include Candlewick Plant, Hag’s Taper, and Witch’s Taper—titles that speak to its magical nature and practical use. The tall, dried stalks of Mullein can be dipped in wax or oil to create natural torches, while the fluffy leaves were once used as lamp wicks.

    Traditionally, Mullein has been burned to ward off evil spirits, cleanse sacred space, and promote health and vitality. The herb carries the energy of fire and light, making it a perfect offering or tool in workings that invoke Hekate. At Asheville Raven & Crone, Mullein Tapers are crafted and used for a variety of magical purposes—from protection spells to seasonal rituals of renewal and illumination.

    Invoking Hekate’s Light

    As we journey into the dark half of the year, we can welcome Hekate’s guiding flame into our homes. Lighting a Mullein torch in her honor is both a devotional act and a practical charm. Use it to purify your space, to banish unwelcome energies, and to petition the Goddess’s protection. 

    Let your Mullein torch stand as a symbol of Hekate’s eternal flame—a reminder that the goddess lights the way even in the deepest night. With her torches burning brightly beside us, we move forward through winter not in fear, but in knowing that the light will always return.

    Continue reading
  • Enodia: Hekate of the Crossroads

    Enodia: Hekate of the Crossroads

    Apotropaia, Propulaia, Triodia, Kleidouchos, and Enodia: these are all epithets designated to Hekate, the Hellenic goddess ruling over roads, thresholds, ghosts, the underworld, and much more. “Enodia” is the first epithet used in the Orphic hymn to Hekate, denoting its importance: “I call Hekate of the Crossroads, worshipped at the meeting of three paths, oh lovely one.”

    Enodia or Ἐνοδία translates to “travel” or “in the road”; it is most commonly understood as “of the crossroads” when used in relation to Hekate. This epithet is used when referring to Hekate as a protective guide, and is deeply connected to crossroads, nocturnal travel over land, and protection for travelers. As Enodia, Hekate is Goddess of the night, guidance, protection of the home from outside dangers, the restless dead, and witchcraft. Due to her protective powers and her rulership of roads, images of Hekate were commonly erected at entrances of cities and along busy roads in ancient Greece. 

    How did Hecate come to be known as Enodia?

    As with many pagan deities, Hekate gained her Enodia characteristics through conflation and syncretism with other deities. Enodia is actually a distinct Thessalian goddess with cults across Thessaly, a region on the northeast coast of ancient Greece. She was also called Goddess of Pherai, the center of her most prominent cult.  The Thessalian Ennodia ruled over roads, ghosts, funeral rites, and the sovereignty of cities and groups of people. Due to similar rulership and attributes, Thessalian Ennodia became absorbed into the worship of Hekate across the wider ancient Greek religion.

    Hekate Enodia is best represented in the Homeric myth of Persephone. Hekate observed from her cave the moment Persephone was kidnapped and alerted Demeter. Being the torch-bearing goddess, Hekate helped in the search for Persephone. Once she was found, it was Hekate who guided Persephone out of the underworld, being a liminal goddess who can travel freely between worlds. 

    Enodia in our Modern World

    In many ways, Hekate Enodia is the center of our modern renaissance of Hekatean worship, possessing characteristics that are attractive to modern pagans. As magic practices become more popular, naturally, we would propitiate the Hellenic goddess of witchcraft. Furthermore, being “of the road” can imply being an outsider, intentionally cloistered, or even having nefarious intent, as it contrasts with those who choose to stay within the safety of the home. As a female deity who freely roams liminal spaces, Enodia can represent liberation from patriarchal norms. These aspects speak to the witchy and pagan community as we choose a life path that exists outside of patriarchal standards. 

    As we journey into the dark half of the year, you may call upon Hekate Enodia for spiritual guidance and protection. Samhain, the witch’s new year, is a great time to perform a home cleansing and protection ritual. As you waft incense or herbal smoke through your home, petition Hekate for her protection through the darkness of winter. Another powerful tool for your altar is the mineral Vivianite, known as the “crystal of death”. Vivianite is a mineral found in places of decay, such as graves and bogs. It is formed from decomposed bones, teeth, and iron-rich peat. Vivianite is a transformational mineral, and great for banishing negative energy. Its association with death and decomposition (transformation) makes it a powerful tool for working with Hekate. You can find vivianite, along with all your other spellwork supplies, in our Asheville shop or in our online store.  

    Continue reading